For a century, the gap between animal behavior and veterinary science was a wide chasm. On one side sat the physiologists, chasing pathogens and broken bones. On the other sat the ethologists, watching wolves hunt and pigeons navigate. Today, that chasm is closing—and the bridge is saving lives.
Ethology provides the scientific basis for measuring and improving animal welfare through frameworks like the , which set global standards for the care of farm, zoo, and companion animals: Freedom from hunger and thirst. Freedom from discomfort. Freedom from pain, injury, or disease. Freedom to express normal behavior. Freedom from fear and distress. zoofilia con gallinas hot